Research Design

Two schools beginning Spanish Two-way Immersion programs in Fall 2006 were invited to serve as treatment schools. After the selection of the treatment schools, the NFLRC identified two control schools and invited them to participate in the study. Each control school is equivalent to one of the treatment schools in variables such as size, metro status (urban/suburban/rural), and socioeconomic class and/or minority population, among other confounding variables. No foreign language is taught in the control schools in the elementary school. All students involved in the research in Year 1 are in kindergarten. These students will be followed across four years through third grade. Each year a new cohort of kindergarten students will begin and will be followed across grade levels.

• Research Overview
• Language Proficiency
• Attitudes
• Standardized Assessments